Is playing Sports a good hobby?

Sport is identified as a physical activity carried out by human beings usually executed by following a set of rules and principles to ensure fair competition among the candidates. Playing sports and indulging in physical activities aids in confirming various health benefits including comfortable respiration, muscular development, bone strength, advanced life expectancy, and coronary fitness. Playing sports helps in safeguarding the body and prevents it from contracting various types of diseases like cancer.Also, it assists in controlling unnecessary weight gain and depression by diverting the mind in a positive direction. Some of the affirmative effects of playing sports have been discussed below. It is a known fact that regaling in any kind of physical activity leads to a healthy workout and consequently promotes weight loss. Sports acts as a catalyst for the metabolic processes and resultantly increases lean body mass, burns calories and aids in attaining perfect body shape.There i s a lot of variation in the amount of suggested physical work. It is mainly due to the variation in the shape/size of the body of different individuals and amount of calorie input, nonetheless it is remedial for people who are obese. As enumerated by the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, Weight stability can be obtained if 2-5 hours are invested in playing averagely demanding sports. Playing high intensity sport is extremely significant for people who wish to reduce their weight adequately.It is advised by physicians that people of all age groups must undertake any kind of physical activity or sport as it in helps in cultivating a healthy heart and mind. As delineated by the British Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, about 40 percent of deaths related to coronary heart disease take place due to insufficient physical work, overweight, mental stress and increased blood pressure. Sports can help in dealing with these physical ailments by reducing the contingen cy of coronary disease by almost 50 percent.Decrease in the strength of muscles, bones and joints, is an inevitable corollary of growing old. Aged people are advised to go for regular walks and practice numerous physical exercises so that their body parts are in healthy and working condition. Thus, it can be concluded that playing sports is very significant for people of all age groups and must be taken up seriously in order to maintain a healthy body.

Philosophy, Theory, and Ideology : Comparison and Contrasts Essay

I. Definition of Philosophy, Ideology and Theory The words Philosophy, Theology and Ideology are linked with each other. In order to discuss and compare each, definitions of the words are important. Philosophy is a greek word that came from the words â€Å"philo† and â€Å"sophia†. â€Å"Philo† means love and sophia means wisdom. Taking these two words literally, the word philosophy can be defined as the â€Å"love of wisdom† (theophil-bcantens.barry.edu, 2007). An article from theophil-bcantens.barry.edu (2007) had further explained that philosophy is a study of the ultimate. This definition was taken from what the philosophers had said about philosophy and the concepts that have been studied in philosophy. Ideology as defined in the dictionary, according to Rolf Schwarz, â€Å"is a belief or a set of beliefs, especially the political beliefs on which people, parties, or countries base their actions.† On the other hand, Theory is defined by Curran and Takata (2007) as a systematic way of thought about a subject. II. Comparison of Philosophy, Ideology and Theory Based on the three meanings, differences can now be seen from the three words. Philosophy is seen as a discipline like a branch of science or a branch of education. It is a subject that has theories and ideologies on its own. On the other hand, Ideology is a belief, meaning a person or a group of person could belief on that particular idea or not. Ideology pertains to any belief, as long as there is a person that believe in an idea then that can be pertained as the ideology of that particular idea. A theory is a way of thinking that explains something logically. A theory is usually a way to help clarify the things that are happening around us. As the author had stated, Philosophy is a study of the ultimate. Ideologies are sometimes formed based on Philosophy. Most of the topic in Philosophy is quite complicated and almost all issues are still under debate. According to Aristotle in Metaphysics, â€Å"All men naturally have an impulse to get knowledge.†, because there are many things in the world that are yet to be clarified people tend to study why this is so. Philosophers tried to explain things and made some theories in philosophy. An example of which is Mentalism. This is considered as a philosophical theory wherein â€Å"the mind is the true reality and objects exists only as aspects of the mind’s awareness† (the freedictionary.com, 2007). However, others based their beliefs on Philosophy. Example is the Aetheist. The ideology of the Aetheist is that â€Å"God does not exist†. That is what they believe, however it is not yet proven still. III. Conclusion As a conclusion, theory, ideology and philosophy differ in form. Philosophy is a discipline, Ideology is a belief and Theory is a way of thinking. These words are concerned with how the people think based on their everyday lives. People are curious about what is happening in their environment and because of this, people formulated several questions about the existence of something or about the meaning of something. The questioning is then perceived as a philosophy if people start to study and try to discover the answer to the questions that are still yet to be found. Philosophical theories can become ideologies depending on the one who perceives it. On the other hand, an Ideology cannot be accounted as a theory because it is based on the belief of people. The belief could either be logical or not.

A Look at the Wide Variety of Job Prospects in the U.S

A Look at the Wide Variety of Job Prospects in the U.S Career Research America offers many opportunities; students have the option to choose what career they want to pursue. As a senior, I must research and choose what career I feel is right for me. There are so many career choices, but I feel that the best career for me to work towards is a registered nurse. A registered nurse is a great career choice for high school graduates because the education required is only a bachelor’s degree, the skill requirements can easily be met, and the projected annual job openings would give an individual no trouble in job hunting. The education required can be an associate’s degree, but a bachelor’s degree will give a person a higher chance in finding a job. With an associate’s degree, an individual will have approximately 38.1% in finding a job. With a bachelor’s degree though, an individual will have a 46% in finding a job. Work experience and on-the-job training is not required for entry level (careeronestop). My career plan is to enter community college for two years(free or not), transfer to UTHSCSA (University of Texas Health and Science Center San Antonio) for another two years, and receive my bachelor’s degree of science in nursing. This is really simple compared to a veterinarian. I won’t be in too much debt and I’ll be able to finish much quicker than a veterinarian would. According to Dr. Lorraine Barbosa, she took about 11 years to finish schooling. It took her not only time to finish, but also her free-time. She would spend her free-time doing inter nships and a variety of programs (truetometoo). Some of the skills required are the following: perform medical procedures, assist, assess, document/record information, communicate, organize/plan, establishing relationships(careeronestop). Some of these skills such as communication are skills that every career should require. I feel that I have well-developed communication skills. Some of the other skills like assessing and assisting can be done easily and efficiently. The projected annual openings for a registered nurse is 19% in the US and 28% in Texas (where I will be living after high school). Job opportunities are offered in many places Registered nurse is a very flexible career choice. Registered Nurse is the ideal career option for high school graduates who want a job that pays well for only a bachelor’s degree, require a beginner’s skillset, and is flexible in location. I am set on attaining a BSN. Register nurse seems like the best option for me so far. I have not found another career that fits my personality and aptitude so well.

The Legitimacy of Global Warming Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Legitimacy of Global Warming - Essay Example The Sept. 6, 2000 ozone hole was the largest on record at 11.5 million square miles (29.9 million square kilometers). (Climate Change) This is one evidence that the hole is getting smaller and smaller and this is extremely bad for the human race, it will fail to protect us from the ozone layers and terrible diseases like skin cancer would spread at the drop of a hat. Global warming is believed to be changing the current climate and this will have an adverse effect on a lot of things, the climate will be highly unstable and it will inevitably affect the human race. The imbalance will result in excessive rainfall, drought in some areas, tsunamis, hurricanes, cyclones and so on, this will cause damage beyond repair. To conclude it is very fair to say that global warming is not a hoax, it is happening and it will inevitably have an adverse effect on the human beings, it is preventable but more measures need to be taken in order to prevent it.

Communication Strategies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Communication Strategies - Essay Example There is no organization that can effectively function without communication. Thus, over the recent years, corporate communication has evolved to become one of the most valuable management and strategic tools in any organization especially if it is well aligned with the overall strategy of a company and meant to improve and enhance the strategic positioning of the organization (Argenti, Howel and Beck, 2005). Corporate communication is mainly concerned with passing information to the organization’s diverse stakeholders with different needs and expectations (Gupta, 2011). As such, this paper is designed to review literature and explore the major strategies and roles of corporate communication during the contemporary period in different organizations. According to Kim & Radar (2010), corporate ability (CAb) focused strategy, and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) focused strategy, and hybrid focused strategy are the major corporate communication strategies used by organizations during the current period. The Cab strategy focuses on communicating the company’s products while CSR is concerned about communicating to the stakeholders to show that it is socially responsible. The hybrid strategy is a combination of both. As a result of increased global competition, consumer activism and digitization, it is increasingly becoming important for organizations to effectively manage their relations with various stakeholders. This can be achieved through the effective use of corporate communication which plays a pivotal role in the organization. Corporate communication plays the following roles: A number of studies have emphasized the significance of corporate communications in building an organization’s corporate reputation and image. For instance, Gupta (2011) observes that 80% of respondents in study acknowledged that the core purpose of corporate communication is to build corporate brand and enhance its reputation. Corporate

Review of a Sociology Research Paper Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Review of a Sociology Research - Term Paper Example The sample includes urban and suburban high schools in which at least five students from the original NELS: 88 samples were enrolled. The sample of NELS: 88 students in each high school were augmented to create a representative sample of students for each school in HSES. The study presented is based on the conceptual framework established in the literature that suggests that school resource structures and norms for facilitating college transitions are an important mechanism through which schools influence college enrollment. Moreover, this mechanism reflects distinctive school strategies that have implication for stratification. Using a large sample of high schools and multiple analytic methods, the analysis specifies a typology of college linking strategies and models their effects on college enrollment, with particular attention to how these effects may differ for disadvantaged students. In this way, the analysis offers an empirical extension of the literature that seeks to shed new light on the nature of stratification among high schools and its implications for students and its implications for students from different racial/ ethnic and socioeconomic status (SES) groups. The questions that author address are significant from a sociological persp ective because they reveal a type of organizational stratification among schools that has not been thoroughly explored in the literature and can broaden our insights into the ways in which schools influence stratification in postsecondary education. The analysis is also significant from a policy perspective in that it reveals school structures and practices that are linked to group disparities in college enrollment and may be responsive to intervention. Those Schools foster significant racial / ethnic variation in students’ outcomes that operate primarily as a resource clearinghouse, in which organizational norms limit their role as agents in the college-linking process. The dependant variables for hierarchal

Enthnography Paper on The Quarry and the Lot Essay

Enthnography Paper on The Quarry and the Lot - Essay Example It also tries to find answers to how Joseph Klein, once a bright, smart boy, became so unfortunate in life and eventually passed away at a very young age. This essay attempts to critically assess the subcultures in the Mark Wallace’s book and explicate on how it is difficult for someone from a different subculture to easily blend in. the fundamental question in this book is why Joseph was so different from the other four friends he had grown up with in a similar environment. How do we compare him to other dangerous, violent and ruthless boys from other subcultures and environments? How do we define grief when people were not able to cope with the deceased whist he was alive? Discussion How does a kid as bright and smart as Joseph Klein turn and become a violent, angry, destructive and a ruthless teenager who disregards authority? This is the question that troubles all the four friends in their interactions as they grew up and in their adulthood. This question does not only tro uble the friends, but their parents too and the entire neighborhood. This is evident during Joseph funeral at the Quarry. There is a very big irony at this instance. Why are all these people attending Joseph’s funeral and yet they never regarded him as a friend but an enemy? This beats logic. Are they pretending to be in grief due to the sudden and mysterious death of Joseph? Or are they are truly in grief? Everyone present at this funeral literary had no clue as to what they were doing there (Wallace 11). Joseph grew up from a very humble family whose previous generations produced academicians. Amelia, Luke and Nick, are all trying to ponder how Joseph turned out to be such a monster. What subculture was he prescribing too? When he became an adult, he pushed everyone away from his life, ruthlessly bullied all his friends. It is although very confusing when Wallace aims to establish the impact and role of Joseph Klein in the other friends lives. All these people grew up in th e same environment and were all defined by the same subculture. Luke turned out to be a teacher and a poet writer and Luke a furniture store owner. It is always assumed that society and its culture and doctrines shape people’s character and future behavior. It can be argued that past subcultures can influence behavior and character. What is happening is really changed by what we believe in and sometimes, things that look normal are actually frightening. This phenomenon might explain what happened to Klein Joseph. When people have lost touch and connection with the deceased, can they experience grief in its true form? The families and childhood friends of Joseph are sharing in grief of his departure. This seemingly looks quite surprising since most of the people at this funeral were never friends with the deceased and possibly do not know why they are there. This funeral is not a formal ceremony and thus no mourner(s) has attempted to pick the slack. They did not know how to e xpress how they felt. These people supposedly hated and disliked Joseph for what he did to them as a neighbor. Mark Wallace manages to depict the nature of American suburbs. They tend to encourage some sense of belonging to a certain community. The ironical solidarity that his friends and parents who did not like him at all are trying to show is an example of how the suburbs are (Wallace 41). Did Joseph Klein in any way

Outline the key arguments of Plato - Analyze the above arguments given Essay - 1

Outline the key arguments of Plato - Analyze the above arguments given Platos main theses - Compare those arguments to Butler - Essay Example According to him, the difference amid man and woman is merely biological whereby both sexes play specific roles in procreation. Consequently, this thought and understanding of gender as irrelevant, prompted numerous intellectuals to conclude Plato was a feminist. Primarily, this is because of his argument regarding inclusion of both sexes to assume same roles concerning nation building without considering humanity’s biological differences, which is beyond human intervention. Women ought to have equal say as their male counterparts as per Platonic arguments because they are capable of delivering as necessitated and even exceed society’s expectations. Hence, this prompts Plato among all other philosophers to emerge as the modern day’s democratic ancestor due to his perspective regarding gender. However, in the execution of same duties or roles by both sexes, Plato seems to have a soft understanding concerning jobs’ allocation without giving clear explanation . Since, women and men guardians cannot tolerate similar severity of their respective jobs, whereby the latter environment or jobbing setting is a bit tougher than the females’. Probably, this is due to the biological differences amid the two sexes where the males’ physique is more muscular than that of female. Therefore, Plato presumes expounding more concerning these differences and after terming the issue of gender as irrelevant in allocation of duties. Besides Plato’s strong stand regarding gender irrelevance in the allocation of jobs and undertaking diverse roles in the society, he admits each sex has a responsibility to undertake. Mainly, the basis of the two sexes encompasses biological differences where women according to the Plato’s arguments embrace the role of mothers and being wives. These roles are irrefutable and nature dictates them to assume that course, which is being human intervention. However, other roles especially those which encompassing diverse city’s

Timing Mediation Initiatives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Timing Mediation Initiatives - Essay Example tween Israel and Hamas, where neither party could overcame one another, hence the need of secret negotiations for purposes of stopping the war (Zartman & De Soto, 2010). This was a stalemate, and hence it is a proof that when it occurs, then the time is ripe for mediation. In determining a stalemate, and making a decision on whether it is ripe for mediation, there is a need of assessing the costs of the conflict, and analyzing the losses that both parties have suffered (Zartman & De Soto, 2010). If the organizations have suffered numerous losses, and the costs of maintaining the conflict is becoming expensive, then this is the right time of mediation. Furthermore, there is a need of looking if there are changes in the leadership of an organization. If these changes occur, chances are high that the new leadership would embrace peace, and hence there is a need of starting the process of mediation (Zartman & De Soto, 2010). An example is the end of the 1992 war between Israel and Palestine, with the emergence of a new leader, Itzak Rabin. It is important to explain that if a new leadership that does not embrace dialogue and reconciliation come to power, chances are high that the mediation efforts would fail. For instance, the emergence of Tassos Papadopoulos as the Greek leader of the Cypriots was able to reduce any chances of a peaceful settlement between the Greek Cypriots, and the Turkish Cypriots (Zartman & De Soto, 2010). Subjective indicators also play a role in determining whether a conflict is ripe of mediation or not. This includes the utterances of influential leaders within the parties to a conflict. This is because these leaders have the capability of influencing the party leadership into entering into a negotiation or

Dq-4-Sheila Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Dq-4-Sheila - Essay Example example, the case study provided in this research involves studying the effects of the 2010 murder in Northern Illinois University among parents, students as well as the Faculty members. Normally this is the second step in implementing any type of research design. The objectives are usually formulated to serve a purpose of a guiding formula for undertaking a research; they are usually formulated in a realistic and manageable to ensure that the research meets all the intended objectives for instance (Alter, 2013): The case study provided, could be guided by an objective of studying and identifying the psychological effects of the 2010 murder among students and other concerned stakeholders. There are different types of data. However, it is usually crucial for any researcher to identify and determine the appropriate data that his intended research will require. Additionally, the researcher should identify and state the sources of data, taking in consideration the nature of his/her study for example if the research is a case study, the researcher could opt for qualitative or quantitative data recorded in books as well as other primary sources of data that could be collected through interviews (Alter, 2013). This information is usually properly stated at the beginning of the research for readers to have an insight regarding the intended research dimensions presented. There are different techniques applied in collecting research data; however, the criteria for selecting any research technique is usually based on the type of data needed, taking into consideration the research design as well as the objectives for instance, a theoretical research would majorly depend on qualitative data, which can be collected through focus group interviews or even observation (Bryman & Cramer, 2011). This is the fifth step of implementing a research design; identification of a study scope is crucial for purposes of determining the sample size as well as the geographical coverage of a

Raleigh’s Guiana Essay Example for Free

Raleigh’s Guiana Essay In 1594, Sir Walter Raleigh was sent to Guyana, present day Venezuela. While in Guiana, he captured a Spanish aristocrat named Sarmiento de Gamboa. In Guiana, Sarmiento de Gamboa told Raleigh of the legend of El Dorado, which is a golden kingdom, supposedly hidden in South America. Sir Walter Raleigh was interested in finding El Dorado, but he was more interested in a real English foothold on the American continent that would be an effective challenge to Spanish power in the area. He felt that El Dorado would be an ideal base for England. His fleet set sail in 1595. When they arrived to South America, Sir Walter Raleigh and his men traveled up the Orinoco and Caroni Rivers, as well as Cumana, Trinidad, and the Venezuelan Coast. The expedition was more of a misfortune and it achieved little, but in 1596 Sir Walter Raleigh returned to England to write The Discovery of the Large, Rich and Beautiful Empire of Guyana. (Britannica) In† The Discovery of the Large, Rich and Beautiful Empire of Guyana, Sir Walter Raleigh provides a convincing argument for colonizing the Guyana. His first argument was that Guiana might have wonders and riches for England to use. â€Å"In Guiana itself I never saw marcasite; but all the rocks, mountains, all stones in the plains, woods, and by the rivers sides, are in effect thorough-shining, and appear marvelous rich; which, being tried to be no marcasite, are the true signs of rich minerals, but are no other than El madre del oro, as the Spaniards term them, which is the mother of gold, or, as it is said by others, the scum of gold. Of divers sorts of these many of my company brought also into England, every one taking the fairest for the best, which is not general.† (pg. 1203) In other colonies gold was found, after exploring Guiana, Raleigh still felt may be gold in Guiana. That is one of the reasons; Raleigh felt England should conquer Guiana. The Spanish conquered the Incas and Aztecs and other lands in both North and South America. By conquering the Americas the Spanish found gold, silver, sugar, and other econo mically profitable items. These profitable items made Spain have a successful economy with a great deal of money, assets, valuable natural resources and expensive materials. Raleigh felt that if England had a colony in the Americas England would have a stronger economy than Spain. His second argument plays towards the English beliefs towards the Native Americans. He describes the Amazonians as blood thirsty and cruel, which is what some English people believed Native Americans were. â€Å"It was further told to me, that if in the wars they took me prisoners that they used to accompany with those also at what time soever, but in the end for certain they put them to death: for they said to be cruel and blood thirsty, especially to such as offer to invade their territories.† (pg. 1206) In order to promote the colonization of a land, Raleigh had to appease the English nobles who believed Native Americans were blood thirsty and cruel. Although, Sir Walter Raleigh believed that the Native Americans were important people who should be respected. His third argument is Guiana has a good defense against the enemies. Sir Walter Raleigh felt it would be a perfect military fortress for England, as well as an outpost. â€Å"Guiana hath but one entrance by the sea, if it hath that, for any vessels of burden. So as whosoever shall first possess it, it shall be found inaccessible for any enemy, except he come in wherries, barges, or canoes, or else in flat-bottomed boats†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (pg. 1210) Raleigh wanted a secure position in the Americas in which the English can effectively challenge the Spanish. During this time, the English and the Spanish were colonizing in the Americas, Africa, and Asia to build their empires. Spain was colonizing rapidly and the English were also trying to economically benefit from the â€Å"New World.† Raleigh felt El Dorado’s formidable design would help the English defeat the Spanish and he felt El Dorado was in Guiana. His final argument is the Spanish are cruel to the Native Americans and that is something England doesn’t promote. â€Å"For he cannot but know how his predecessors, yea, how his own great uncles, Guascar and Atabalipa, sons to Guiana-Capac, emperor of Peru, were, while they contended for the empire, beaten out by the Spaniards, and that both of late years and ever since the said conquest, the Spaniards have sought the passages and entry of his country; and of their cruelties used to the borderers he cannot be ignorant.† (pg. 1211) Sir Walter Raleigh believed that the Spanish’s policies towards the Native Americans were outrageous and the Queen should assist the Native Americans. Earlier in his life, Sir Walter Raleigh commissioned a writer named Richard Hakluyt to describe the â€Å"the Americas as a promised land of honey, venison, palm trees, wine, sassafras (a cure for VD), gold and red copper. Hakluyt saw America as a panacea for unemployment. Prisons could be emptied of criminals who could then be transported to this New World. He insisted the Spanish genocidal policies were an outrage and that the Queen should give every assistance the Native Americans.† (Britannica) Sir Walter Raleigh never got Queen Elizabeth’s approval for a settlement in Guiana, but he provided a persuasive argument for colonizing Guyana. His arguments in The Discovery of the Large, Rich and Beautiful Empire of Guyana† were Guiana has wonders and riches, the Native Americans are conquerable, Guiana has a good defense against the enemies, and the Spanish are cruel to the Native Americans and that is something England doesn’t promote. Although, Sir Walter Raleigh’s main reasons for conquering Guiana, modern day Venezuela, are gold and gaining a military fortress, he also was interested in helping the Native Americans.

The way Greeks and Romans understood women Essay Example for Free

The way Greeks and Romans understood women Essay In the Ancient World, women were not portrayed as they are today in modern literary works; women usually played controversial roles where their actions ranged from killing their own family to destroying their own town. Women in ancient Greek plays and Roman stories did not posses the social standing that we naturally think of today, many times their only power was to strike back when they were hurt. Medea, Phaedra, and Dido, admirable or dangerous, are among the most complex literary characters of any period. Medea, of Euripides play Medea, represents the destructive quality of possessive desire often portrayed by Greek women. Medea becomes enraged by Jason when he leaves her to be with the daughter of the King of Corinth. She reacts by destroying everything around him. She destroys his new wife, her father the King, and even goes as far as to kill her own two children she had with Jason in order to hurt him. Medea rationalizes her actions by saying if she cannot have Jason, the thing she wants the most in life, then he cannot have the things that matter the most to him in his life. Medea illustrates her nature of possessive desire for Jason with the line, At last I understand that awful deed I am to do; but passion, that cause of direst woes to mortal man, hath triumphed oer my sober thoughts (Euripides 104). From this you can see that Medea is only concerned with herself and her desires as opposed to her famil; she kills her own children to hurt her husband. Like Medea, Euripides writes another play Hippolytous, with a similar character named Phaedra. Phaedra is the wife of Theseus that has become obsessed by an incestuous passion for her stepson, Hippolytus. Phaedra attempts to win over Hippolytus in a love letter. Hippolytus, however, is a follower of Diana, the goddess of chastity and therefore refuses her. Phaedras distraught revenge includes her suicide and his succeeding, undeserved death by his father. In this case, like Medea, Phaedra could not possess her alleged good, her life and his must be sacrifice. Yet another example of this misplaced desire is in Virgils Aeneid with the character of Dido. In Aeneid, Aeneas is persuaded to leave his fate to found Rome and stay with his new found love, Queen Dido of Carthage. By the  intervention of the gods, Hermes and Jove, Aeneas is able to resist Dido and does not marry her but does in fact go on to found Rome. Once again this possessive quality is aptly shown by Hermes, Degenerate man,/Thou womans property (Virgil 166). Dido verifies this and pleas with Aeneas,  had you deferrd, at least, your hasty flight,/And left behind some pledge of our delight,/Some babe to bless the mothers mournful sight,/Some young Aeneas, to supply your place,/Whose features might express his fathers face;/I should no then complain to be left bereft/Of all my husband, or be wholly left (Virgil 168). Obviously Didos love is not actually true love since she is willing to compromise for an alternate Aeneas, whom she will be able to possess more fully be raise him to her satisfaction. Aeneas refuses Dido this as well and she, like Pheadra, burns herself. But as her sister mourns, she points out that Didos death was not a solitary destruction; At one thou hast destroyd thyself and me,/Thy town. Thy senate, and thy colony (Virgil 818)! By destroying her own town, something that she devoted a lot of her life to, she hurt many more people than just herself and Aeneas. In these three works, Medea, Hippolytus, and Aeneid, the female roles defiantly had an agenda. The women were all overwhelmed by love and were blinded by it. Medea, Phadrea, and Dido committed unthinkable crimes in an attempt to cast revenge on the object of their affection. In the end, none of them possessed the man they were longing for, they only ended up hurting themselves and those that supposedly meant the most to them.

Developing an Online Banking Application

Developing an Online Banking Application This report details the importance of securely developing a software and the best practices to implement throughout the development lifecycle. Using the Microsoft Secure Development Lifecycle Model, a software can be developed with sufficient security measures throughout each stage from the beginning of development until its eventual release and even responding to incidents that may follow its release. Creating an online banking application without thoroughly considering the security of the banks assets and customers information would be virtually impossible. Due to the vital importance of the assets a bank contains, large security measures while developing any aspect of its services must always be implemented. Developing this online banking application must include various steps as can be seen in the Microsoft Security Development Lifecycle (Such as Security Requirements, Risk Assessment and Threat Modelling). Banks and financial businesses are large targets for malicious attackers who target the online services provided by these companies. It is for this reason that the threats posed to a bank with an online banking service are vast and development of such an application should be treated as such. Considering the OWASP Top 10 is a good initial security measure as mitigating the threats of the top 10 most common vulnerabilities found in web applications will give a good foundation in avoiding attacks. The application works by having the user access the website through their browser, navigating through the two step authentication and then gaining access to various options relating to their account such as viewing statements, transferring money to other accounts and viewing the amount currently in their account. The first of the two step verification is an 8 digit pin that the user will have decided upon earlier when first creating their account for their online banking service. The second step verification will either be the users date of birth or occasionally it will be the users contact number. This second step verification will change randomly so as to avoid use of an automated tool attempting to access a users account. When the user creates an online banking account, they will be required to give their home address and account number. A letter will then be sent to the user giving them a code that is specific to them which they can then use to verify their identity on their first use of the online banking application and complete creating their account. This means that the only people who can use the service are those who already have full access to the users account details and their post. This is an effective security measure as implementing security into a software that can be compromised simply by having any person impersonate another user signing up for the service would be redundant. Another way that the login process will be secured is by using a counter in which if a user enters details incorrectly three consecutive times then they will be unable to make another attempt for a short period of time. The reason behind this two step verification process is to hinder the use of tools that would continuously attempt to crack the login system, possibly with the use of a tool such as John the Ripper or THC Hydra. The limited amount of login attempts is also used to avoid brute-force attacks from occurring. Having already been authenticated, a user will then have access to their account details including their balance, their previous statements and also they will be able to transfer funds from their account. All of this information will be stored in a database which will be encrypted and salted meaning that a leak of this information should not cause for the information to be decipherable by an attacker. The Secure SDL (Software Development Lifecycle) as implemented by Microsoft is a development process which assists developers in creating secure software and looks at complying with security requirements whilst reducing the overall development cost. The Lifecycle is separated into 7 different SDL practices as can be seen in the figure below. These practices are used to highlight security implementations in the various stages of a softwares development. For example, in the designing of a developing software, it is necessary to create accurate threat models which can be used to easily locate different possible vulnerabilities that the software may be subject to. (stan.gr, 2012). (Microsoft, 2016). Establishing Security Requirements One of the first steps to be taken in developing the banking software is to establish what security and privacy requirements will be implemented in the software. This will make it easier to identify the direction of the development and assist in keeping to the schedule. The team developing the banking software will primarily look at the OWASP Top 10 as the main vulnerabilities that may occur in the application and attempt to secure against these. One of the security requirements that will be present in the software is to secure the software against Injection. As the information that is shown when a user logs in is sensitive, the software must protect against malicious users attempting to login by using injection. In order to avoid SQL injection, the software will be developed using prepared statements in order to sanitise the input of the user. Validation methods will be included in the software to ensure that each user has the correct authority to use the functions that they attempt to use and that all inputs that are entered into the application will be acceptable so as to avoid cross site scripting and other such threats. Create Quality Gates / Bug Bars In the early stages of development, deciding what the minimum acceptable level of quality should be present in the security of the software is vital. Without this step, oversights may exist such as users private information not being totally secure as the development team did not focus on protecting this over a different area. Having a minimum acceptance level also helps the development team to correct security bugs as they are to follow the standard set and will be given some concept as to what risks are associated with various issues. For this software, it will not be acceptable that any bug that could be related to the leaking of information may be present. Strict security measures will be put in place to ensure that the privacy of the banks customers will be protected. Security Privacy Risk Assessment This stage of the development will involve examining the software design and locating areas that are potentially prone to more threats or perhaps possess more risks than other areas. For example, the database being protected, as it contains vital information, is of higher risk of a malicious attack than the website hosting the application. Identifying these risks and what they are susceptible to will improve the security of the software. This will be further developed in the threat modelling step as this step determines which parts of the project will require threat modelling. This stage is vital in the development process as the likelihood of protecting against a risk that has been overlooked in the development of the software is far less than if it had been analyzed throughout the development. Design (Microsoft, 2016). Establish Design Requirements Establishing the Design Requirements will ensure that the software will function in the intended way while also allowing to minimise cost and improve security throughout the development. This stage will guarantee that the software will be user friendly and will also assist in ensuring that there is no way that a user may accidentally gain access to information that they are not authorised to do so. Analyze Attack Surface This step involves analyzing which parts of the software presents opportunities for attackers and can assist developers in reducing these vulnerabilities. This may involve disabling or restricting certain access to services. This stage is another stage that will be a large part of the threat modeling stage in that it will allow the developers to identify aspects of the software that are viable to be attack targets. Threat Modeling This step will allow the developers to look at exactly what happens when a user is using the service and to anticipate what aspects are vulnerable to threats. From here, developers can decide the feasibility of reducing these threats and how this may be achieved. This can be done by identifying vulnerable areas and ensuring that they are secured against the attacks that they are susceptible to. The importance of this stage is highlighted by the importance of protecting the sensitive information that the application will be using. The figure below shows a threat model created with the Microsoft Threat Modelling Tool 2016 in regards to the online banking service. (Microsoft, 2016). Use Approved Tools Using approved tools throughout the development process will assist in ensuring that correct security procedures will be used in the software. This includes using a compiler which will flag security warnings if the software is being compiled and contains a known security risk. These tools may include the IDE (Integrated Development Environment) for the developers to programme the software on, such as Eclipse. Deprecate Unsafe Functions Banning functions that are deemed to be unsafe will reduce potential bugs in the software. Detecting these can be done by using automated tools or manually checking the code and ensuring that none of the functions are present on the banned list which can be found at https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb288454.aspx>. Static Analysis Analyzing the source code before compiling it is a good way of ensuring that the code has been developed in a secure manner. This stage will involve the developers to look at the code and check that the correct security protocols have been put in place such as prepared statements and sanitisation of inputs. (Microsoft, 2016). This stage of the Software Development Lifecycle involves testing the software to ensure that the software is functioning as it is intended and also allows for web application penetration testing to be carried out in order to confirm that the security functions put in place are working correctly. This penetration testing can be done by the business if they have their own department or it can be outsourced to an outside specialist company such as Offensive Security. Offensive Security offers more accurately simulate real-world hacking situations to audit network, web, and application security programs (Offensive Security, 2016). (Microsoft, 2016). Perform Dynamic Analysis Using various tools to monitor things such as user privilege issues will assist in verifying how secure the software is when being used. It is at this stage that the software can be looked at for any possible security oversights. This stage is similar to the testing stage and can be used to verify what devices the web application works on and also if there are any errors with how to application performs. An example of this would be that the application may work as intended on a Firefox browser from an android device but may not work entirely as intended on Safari on an iOS device. Fuzz Testing This step involves attempting to make the program fail by introducing random data. This testing is used to verify how the software handles errors and if there is any weakness in the security of how the software does this. This may involve an error occurring which gives sensitive data about the softwares database. This testing will ensure that the sanitisation of the user inputs is working correctly by handling these errors rather than executing code that is input. Attack Surface Review Reviewing the attack surface when the code has been completed will help ensure that any future changes to the design or functionality of the software has been considered and that these changes will not compromise the security of the software. An example of this could be that considering making the web application into a mobile device application may present difficulties as different vulnerabilities may be present. (Microsoft, 2016). Create an Incident Response Plan Creating an Incident Response Plan is crucial in order to combat any threats that may appear over the softwares lifecycle. It involves identifying security emergency contacts in the event that a security breach occurs. The incident response plan can be broken down into six phases: Preparation Detection Containment Investigation Remediation Recovery The Preparation phase involves having implemented the correct controls in order to recover following an incident. It states the policies, tools and contact information that is necessary in order to respond efficiently to an incident. Detection is a phase which involves the discovery of the incident. This can be through use of logging or may come in the form of a consumer alerting the business. In this phase, the incident will be declared and the severity of it will be determined. The containment phase will be where the affected part of the software will be isolated or mitigated if possible. If the incident affects the software in its entirety, it must be determined whether or not the entire software is to be taken offline so as to avoid any more users to be affected by it. The investigation phase will involve looking at the incident and attempting to identify the source, the scope and the priority of the incident. The remediation phase will be where it is decided which parties to inform about the incident and will confirm that the threat has in fact been contained. The recovery phase will be the phase in which it is determined how the software will ensure that the incident does not happen again and will confirm whether it is necessary to review any of the softwares policies. (Raderman, L. 2015) Conduct Final Security Review Reviewing all of the security checks and measures prior, throughout and post release of the software helps to ensure that they were carried out correctly and that none had been left out. This step can be assisted by using an automated tool such as Vega to scan the application and determine if any known vulnerabilities have been overlooked. Ensuring that the utmost has been done to protect the security and privacy of its users should be one of the banks largest priorities in developing this software as without the trust provided by this, the bank will surely suffer with a loss of assets in the form of customers and finances. Certify Release and Archive Certifying the software before it is released will help to ensure that all of the correct security requirements were met. Archiving the data will allow the developers to do roll backs and to review any future security or privacy breaches in relation to the original software. Without certifying the software upon its full release, the credibility of the software may be questioned and it may cause negative public relations for the business. As a bank, it is important that customers are confident in the security and privacy provided by the business. (Microsoft, 2016). Execute Incident Response Plan The capability of implementing the Incident Response Plan from the Release step will assist in helping users to avoid severe security and privacy breaches and allow for the company to have a quicker response to any exploits that may arise. This step is important as users should feel confident that the bank has their best interests in mind and will ensure that their security, being one of the business key assets, is being frequently and effectively protected. Developing an online application for a bank could prove extremely beneficial and convenient for its customers. However, the importance of the information that a bank retains in regards to its customers and their finances is high and with the nature of cyber security and its ever increasing attacks, especially to a high profile target such as a bank, the development of such an application should be assessed with security in mind throughout the process. Following the Microsoft Secure Development Lifecycle is a very effective way of ensuring that a software is thoroughly analyzed for security threats and vulnerabilities and ensures that a business will have reasonable plans in place in the event that any breach of security may happen. It is also beneficial when developing a software to be secure, to refer to the OWASP Top 10 vulnerabilities and ensure that the software is as secure against these vulnerabilities as possible. Microsoft (2011) Security Development Lifecycle (SDL) Banned Function Calls [online] available from:ÂÂ   https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb288454.aspx [accessed 27th December 2016]. Microsoft (2016) What is the Security Development Lifecycle? [online] available from: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/sdl/ [accessed 27th December 2016]. Offensive Security (2016) Advanced Penetration Testing Services [online] available from: https://www.offensive-security.com/offensive-security-solutions/penetration-testing-services/ [accessed 2nd January 2017]. OWASP.org (2015) Top 10 2013-Top 10 [online] available from: https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Top_10_2013-Top_10 [accessed 27th December 2016]. Raderman, L. (2015) Computer Security Incident Response Plan. Carnegie Mellon Information Security Office [online], 13th Febuary 2015, (pg 8-9), available from: https://www.cmu.edu/iso/governance/procedures/docs/incidentresponseplan1.0.pdf> [accessed 2nd January 2017]. The phases of Microsoft SDL.(2012) [online image] available from: http://www.stan.gr/2012_11_01_archive.html>,[accessed 27th December 2016].

Steven Biko Essay -- Papers Racism South Africa

Steven Biko "We are looking forward to a non-racial, just and egalitarian society in which color, creed and race shall form no point of reference." - Steve Biko South Africa is home to a great supply of natural resources, inherent beauty, and one of the greatest political and social travesties of the modern era. The South African government has suppressed native African peoples for hundreds of years. In the last century the situation has gotten progressively worse through governmental legislation lead by the racist Afrikaner Nation Party. This injustice lasted unchallenged until the late 1950's when legislation became even more protective of the National Party's hold of political, economic, and social power. Social movements of every country and era rise and fall; Africa is no different. As leaders have come and gone, gathering public support against the government, the dangerous reality has been slowly sinking in. Political activist and former student leader, Steve Biko firmly believed that South Africa could eventually exist as an egalitarian society, free of racism. Biko's contribution to the South African freedom fight is invaluable. The South African government practiced banning which, prohibited anyone quoting Biko, the publication of any of his written work or the documentation of his character in any positive way. Banning was not uncommon in South Africa. The person had to remain in their assigned district and could not leave under any circumstances. The banned person could not be in the presence of more than one person at a time; the only exception being immediate family. It also forbade the person from writing (publishing) and speaking in public. Once a week the person was required to report to the local Se... ... popularity grew after his death because he was no longer seen as a leader, but rather a martyr. So why is South Africa still under white control? My answer to that is that talk is cheap and publicity even cheaper. The support and headlines were all that was given. Nothing permanent or structured was offered to the blacks. Today, a little less than thirty years later, I had trouble finding books on Steve Biko. To the western world he was a fad. Bibliography: Bibliography Biko, Steve. I Write What I Like. Ed. By Stubbs C.R., Aelred. Harper and Row Publishers, San Francisco. 1978. Dugard, John, Haysom, Nicholas and Marcus, Gilbert. The Last Years of Apartheid: Civil Liberties in South Africa. Ford Foundation, New York. 1992. Woods, Donald. Biko, the revised edition. Henry Holy and Co., New York. 1987. I also viewed the movie Cry Freedom

Rembrandt Harmensz van Rijns Self-Portraits Essay -- Painter Painting

The old man sits. His hands are folded nicely in his lap and his facial features stay composed. He wears an overcoat that seems to be a soft velvet, shaded in a reddish-violet hue. Curls peep through the cap on his head, which is pushed slightly back and to the side. His eyes gaze unto those of the observer, telling of his life; the lack of fulfillment, the need for restoration. The color of his face and the cap’s white brim are lit up against a background that nearly engulfs the outline of his body, giving an impression of incompleteness. Although the man’s garment can be seen, it is somewhat hidden amongst the dark colors surrounding. The lines and colors that are so considerably apparent in the creation of the stark whiskers, the distinguished nose and brow, and even the rounded cheeks, disappear in the detail of the body. Although this painting will marvel some, pulling them in as they observe; others will just pass by, thinking, he’s just a man on the wall. Rembrandt Harmensz van Rijn painted many self-portraits throughout his career, and about forty have survived. In studying these paintings, one will find that a certain growth and development of his style happened throughout his life. For example, in his earlier self-portraits, he used a technique that is called chiaroscuro, which is the use of deep variations of light and shade. In these early paintings, it is hard to tell what Rembrandt looked like because of the shadows covering his face. The later portraits, however, have a softer, more emotional tone. These paintings are the most moving portraits that Rembrandt did. The one described above was done the same year that he died, 1669. The emotions that come with the painting are incredible and as... ...elf-expression. In looking at these different pieces, one can see that the life of this man and where he was, acts as an important reference to his paintings. So the next time you think, oh, he’s just a man on the wall, take time to look, what do you see? Works Cited Bockermuhl, Micheal. Rembrandt. Germany: Taschen, 2000. Koehler, Wilhelm. Rembrandt. New York: H.N. Abrams, 1953. Krent, Emily, and Danie Mary. Paintings by Rembrant.Web Gallery of Art. Web. 12 May 2015. http://www.kfki.hu/~arthp/html/r/rembran/painting/index.html Pescio, Claudio. Masters of Art: Rembrandt and 17th Century Holland. New York: Peter Bedrick Books, 1995. Pioch, Nicolas. Rembrandt. Web Museum, Paris. Web. 12 May 2015. http://www.ibiblio.org/wn/paint/auth/rembrandt Mjdehaan. "Virtual Exhibition" Novemeber 2014. Web. 12 May 2015. https://mjdehaan1.wordpress.com/

American Imperialism :: American America History

American Imperialism American Imperialism has been a part of United States history ever since the American Revolution. Imperialism is practice by which powerful nations or people seek to expand and maintain control or influence over weaker nations or peoples. Throughout the years there has been many instances where the Americans have taken over other people countries, almost every time we go into we have taken over a new piece of land. The Americas first taste of imperialism came about five hundred years ago when Columbus came to America. We fought the pleasant inhabitants and then took over their land making them slaves. Americans over the years have been known to become almost selfish, no matter how much we have we will never be happy until we control the free world. "The Monroe Doctrine of 1823 defined United States foreign policy in the Americas for the rest of the 19th century and beyond. It declared that the United States had an interest in the Western Hemisphere and the European powers must not meddle in the affairs of any developing nations there. The United States was a young nation in 1823 and did not really have to powers to back up the Monroe Doctrine. However, the policy was used to justify the sending of the U.S. troops into Mexico in 1866 (to intimidate the French) and the purchased of Alaska in 1867". Another case of Imperialism was the United States industrial economy was growing so fast that they were producing more goods than they could consume. The over abundance of industrial goods led the United States to look for new markets. Next came the Spanish-American War, which started with the Americans not liked the way that the Spaniards were treated the Cubans. After this an U.S. battleship (Maine) was docked outside of Havana (Cuba 's Capital) and all of a sudden exploded from under the sea. At the time no one actually knew the real reason why the ship exploded but many Americans thought that it was the Spaniards. 266 officers and men were lost in the explosion. William McKinley (U.S. President 1897-1901) went to congress and asked for permission to send troops to help stop the fighting in Cuba. After a couple of days he was given permission which shortly led to war. Spain declared war on the United States on April 24th followed by an U.S. declaration of war on the 25th.

Four Elements of Transformational Leadership Essay

Organizations emphasize the concept of leadership in training managers or group leaders to propel a team or the organization forward. Within leadership, the effectiveness of the transformational versus transactional leader is often debated. Transactional leadership relies more on a â€Å"give and take† understanding, whereby subordinates have a sense of duty to the leader in exchange for some reward. Transformational leadership, on the other hand, involves a committed relationship between the leader and his followers. In 1985, industrial psychologist Bernard Bass identified and wrote about four basic elements that underlie transformational leadership. Ads by Google Stanford Exec. Leadership Where innovation and visionary leadership meet. Learn More. gsb.stanford.edu​/​SeniorLeadership Idealized Influence Transformational leaders act as role models and display a charismatic personality that influences others to want to become more like the leader. Idealized influence can be most expressed through a transformational leader’s willingness to take risks and follow a core set of values, convictions and ethical principles in the actions he takes. It is through this concept of idealized influence that the leader builds trust with his followers and the followers, in turn, develop confidence in their leader. Inspirational Motivation Inspirational motivation refers to the leader’s ability to inspire confidence, motivation and a sense of purpose in his followers. The transformational leader must articulate a clear vision for the future, communicate expectations of the group and demonstrate a commitment to the goals that have been laid out. This aspect of transformational leadership requires superb communication skills as the leader must convey his messages with precision, power and a sense of authority. Other important behaviors of  the leader include his continued optimism, enthusiasm and ability to point out the positive.

Philosophy of the Mind Essay

Kants critical review of stark(a) intellectualIntroductionThe follow-up is a treatise on metaphysics. Kant defines metaphysics as a speculative cognition that is wholly separate and rises wholly when above macrocosm instructed by make. It is a cognition with with(predicate) guiltless images ( non, like mathematics, cognition through the screening of notions to intuition), so that here case is to be its admit pupil (xiv). This remark unless when indicates that the attempt to retort the motion How is metaphysics as science possible?, places the drumhead of the posture of our a posteriori fantasys on heaps qua ontologic twainy independent. Patently, that does not involve that the transcendental deductions pull up s guide ons not give birth each ultimate sustaining on much(prenominal)(prenominal) issues.It means cipher more(prenominal) or less than that the transcendental deductions atomic number 18 concerned with the incredulity of the mere sup position of clear a priori judg custodyts i.e., how it is possible that we be cognitively capable of devising synthetical a priori brains at on the undivided as an independent line in its own right.The results of the investigation would fork up the basis for a subsequent series of investigations into the bearing much(prenominal)(prenominal) judgments suck in or could induce on onto sensiblely independent disapproveive lenss independent of perception and judgment of them. simply if it is a simple occasion of premiere things send-off let us inaugural ingest what transpires when we attempt to push on our indigenous cognitive resources al i. The treatise is be driving a propadeutic and a preparation and a treatise on the method for an ultimate governance of gross(a) terra firma (xxii).The maiden survey is whatever(prenominal) un stayinging the header in record hence spirits dependence on that mind. The irregular reexamination consequently shows us what efficacy that mind bathroom apply in livelyly shaping at least atomic number 53 aspect of genius the phenomenal self. Although, this shaping of the self through crusade has a wider imp pretend in that through license, we pee a new perspective on the entire phenomenal terra firma, the world of physical composition and value.That said, it is not a sm t issue ensemble af blanke to describe in much(prenominal) specializedity and expound the crabbed faculties or disciplines of the mind. It examines plausible that by granting a mind-dependent re coiffureation, a different report for that record could be constructed the mind and its faculties could be sliced and diced in different slip track than does Kant, although wherefore we would be different cocks entirely something Kant does not rule break through. (For Kant, cl azoic, a creature with a different mental realize could experience a different genius from the same things-in-themselves.) Given his checkicular normal for the mind, Kants theory of immunity and reliance reveals numerous things we rear say ab let on the efficiency of creator.Kant begins by setting flat coat, which is not merely a receptive moreover an active module, apart from everything to do with sensual or sensory intimacy, notwithstanding he mustiness(prenominal)iness(prenominal)inessiness lastly notice a counseling to unite it with matter, in the con nominateation of experience, in order for on that point to be granting immunity since, maybe oddly, license as we hark back of it sens scarce if be in the context of its lack determinism. That we exp unmatchablent specify these demesnes as disparate only reflects a failure to take Kants mind-dependent construction of character at its word.The final result to m both of the app arnt impossibilities galore(postnominal) find in Kants theory of freedom is to see freedom not as an attempt to marry freedom and disposition, e xactly rather to marry on a lower floorcoat (as origin of freedom) and the understanding (as author of nature). Through drives rightfulness-imposing nature emerge incorrupt entities thusly, a phenomenal incorrupt ground and through the understanding (and friend) emerge objects of nature a realm of nature. If we take nature (as we experience it) as in whatever office a abandoned, or crimson if mind-dependent, as somehow prior to freedom, the impossibilities atomic number 18 unaccepted to avoid.An Intelligible FacultyUnderstanding, ground and judgment argon roughly a great deal described, as faculties, that is, as faculties of the mind. Kant egresss to distinguish surrounded by the passive (sensibility), the empiric each(prenominal)y conditioned scarcely active (understanding) and the flatly active ( author). (575) From this we see that evidence is unique among the faculties as being both wholly intelligible and active. instantly we similarly see that, fr om one height of view, the line of freedom is simply the puzzle of spring how basin an unconditionally active mental power that is outside property and time be efficacious with appreciate to that which is in time? How give the bounce the strictly rational mind cause something?Pure footing, Kant writes, is a subtilely intelligible efficiency that is not subject to the form of time. (579) As much(prenominal), we buttocks have no impart experience of it separate than the bargon sentience found in the Fact of Reason. (Our psychological experience of ourselves is as appearances, not as things in themselves.) Pure working primer coat is what comprises the intelligible impart because it is the faculty that under perchs all axioms (or actions) determining that will.Although it is law-giving (this is how it is active), it does not impose crabbed laws, that is, laws with confirmable content, for to do so would score its pristinely intelligible and a priori shape. Rat her, all it substructure offer is the form of a law. We see an example of this in the flavorless Imperative, with its admonition to test a maxim by commonplaceizing it. It could perhaps be argued that cause simply is the intelligible will or rather, that the intelligible will is antecedent. Yet the can of freedom, as Kant frequently points out, lies in the noumenal realm of which we can cognize nothing. Only handsome practical flat coat can learn the bill with celebrate to freedom (Nei art object, 1994, p.62-7). limpid ReasoningHow does the suit we encounter in its logical guise lead to the case that produces the job of freedom, and the former(a)(a) troublesome intellections of the dialectic? Reasons logical fibre as the faculty of thinkence is perhaps its most celebrated aspect. Here, as elsewhere, its crude(a) material is not the falsifiable object/sensory manifold solely the unifying(a) law or exercise that, through inference, reveals some friendship of an object to us, for example, in the simple syllogism.1Kant uses this gentle of lean from which to bow out rationalnesss guiding article of touch its primary characteristic. He argues that in inference, land endeavors to annul the varied and manifold noesis obtained through the understanding to the smallest number of rulers, (361) revelation that reason is seeking the highest possible unity, b atomic number 18ly that this is not the unity of a possible experience, but is essentially different from such unity, which is that of understanding. (363)He ultimately reaches the future(a) principle of reason to find for the conditioned intimacy obtained through the understanding the unconditioned whereby its unity is brought to completion. Thus, Kant has traced the genesis of the supreme principle of sharp reason that ultimately yields the transcendental papers, and distinguishes reasons character reference from that of the understanding (373).This similarly lies at the b asis of Kants bankers bill between reasons logical and transcendental, or real, use where reason is a the source of patterns and principles which it does not borrow any from the sense or from the understanding. (356) It is this principle of reason and what it yields that Kant thus spends the major part of the dialectic testing and examining, concluding that the principle itself appears sound, but warning of its evidently unavoidable misuse. His way out, ultimately, is to fall back on the regulative- essential lineThus pure reason, which at first come alonged to promise nothing less than the adjunct of knowledge beyond all limits of experience, contains, if powerful understood, nothing but regulative principles save ifthey be misunderstood, and treated as organic principles of the transcendent knowledge, they give rise, by a dazzling and deceptive illusion, to persuasion and a merely fictitious knowledge, and thitherwith to contradictions and never-ending disputes. (730)As we have already seen, this seemingly intractable position is itself resolved in favor of freedom via an another(prenominal) note that is tightly linked to (if not emerges out of) constitutivity-regulativity that between theoretical and practical which reintroduces the casualty of a valid use of constitutive reason.In the entire faculty of reason only the practical can provide us with the means for going beyond the sensible world and provide cognitions of a supersensible order and connection, which, however, rightful(prenominal) because of this can be extended only so uttermost as is directly requirement for pure practical purposes. (706)Thus pure practical reasons principle takes in us the form of the moral law as the ultimate principle that strives governing bodyize and unify our rules of action (our maxims), just as it seek to unify the rules of nature. And, like the principle we found to be at the finalize of logical logical idea, this law lies a priori in pure practi cal reason.Pure or Absolute SpontaneityKant frequently describes freedom as pure or implicit spontaneity. He also ties freedom to reason and reason to spontaneity. As Kant also points out here, the understanding, as reasons weedy cousin, if not identical twin, is also a faculty of spontaneity, but it is one that is special(a) by the requirements of possible experience and so applies itself to appearances. For the understanding, that which is given (sense, sensation) drives the production of nature, and the understandings spontaneity is what allows us to think any object of cognition, regardless of its actuality.2Thus, the understanding, which gives us nature, does not and cannot suffice to give us freedom incisively because it is too shackled to sensation and experience. For reason, unrestricted in the practical realm by the is, allows us to create moral entities (through creating the morally situated self), that is, reason as law-giving, as pure spontaneity is also freedom.A G iven NatureAmong the things that Kants various descriptions of reason tell us, is that it has a certain nature (that is, characteristics or features) that endows it with necessary tendencies or drives. We become aw atomic number 18 of these faculties or powers through what we do, and what and how we think, and of course we act and think by virtue of the faculties. (574) This nature appears to be given and, as such, it seems (at least from what Kant says of it) that it cannot be further explained nor analyzed. Of course, this nature is essentially our nature as rational beings. Kant frequently appeals to the nature of reason in explaining why it is that we seem always and everywhere inevitably intercommunicate the questions we ask (and circle the often monstrous conclusions we tend to draw close to the world) in that keep an eye on has always existed in the world, and there will always continue to exist, some frame of metaphysics, and with it the dialectic that is intrinsic t o pure reason. (xxxi)They transcendental humors be not arbitrarily invented they atomic number 18 enforce by the very nature of reason itself, and therefore stand in necessary relation to the whole employment of understanding. (384)Guyer finds Kants appeal to nature with respect to reason fussatic, arguing that that brain that our freedom itself is in reality a product of nature is paradoxical because what is merely natural is precisely what would seem to be unfree rather than free. (2000, p.375) terminusKant insists that freedom has a telephone exchange role in his philosophy that freedom and its metaphysics atomic number 18 wholly bound up with the metaphysics of nature and that at the root of both is the mind. Kants Critical corpus is built on the fact of our having minds composed of certain faculties or powers, passive (receptive) and active (spontaneous or regular(a) causative), which Kant analyzes based on the manner and matter of the experiences they yield us. Clear ly, even out if everything about reason upon which my case for understanding Kantian freedom is based is authorized, what seem to be beginning assumptions about the mind and its faculties arguably stay on unproven, and perhaps improvable.Since so much of what Kant argues forms up the mind is labeled intelligible the faculty of reason for one it seems we atomic number 18 no(prenominal)theless left, at the end of the day, with an even more crippling Kantian unknowability than that met with earlier. This unknowability put overs that which is the foundation of the theory, and Kant could be accused of being more coercive than the dogmatists in asserting such a starting point.Yet, on another view, there ar no antecedent assumptions in Kants theory about the mind, since it is precisely the draw-up of the mind that the critical system is mean to uncover. This is at least part of Kants point when he argues we must consider having objects conform to our faculties of cognition, rather than the other way around his noteworthy second Copernican revolution (xvi-xvii). On that view, nature is a reflection of the mind, and so an investigation of nature is for Kant simply an investigation of the mind.The Hume apologise Skepticism and Skeptical oddmentsIntroductionHumes biographer, Ernest Mossner, offers this pertinent shrewdness on Humes phantasmal skepticismHow can we see Humes somebodyal convictions on religion? The answer is plainly that we cannotcertainly not without broad effort on our part and even thus not definitively. The conclusions of a skepticeven a mitigated scepticcannot be summarized in a one- cardinal-three pattern or creed if for no other reason than that a sceptic, unlike other types of philosophers, is not altogether stable in his thinking, is perpetually rethinking his principles. Scepticism, first and last, is a anatomy of mind, nevery a collection nor a system of doctrines. (Mossner, 1976, p.5)This section will present just how restless and inquiring Humes skepticism was in his An doubtfulness Concerning homosexual Understanding.In the heads first section, Hume compares those who attempt to indoctrinate their sacred dogmas to thieves who are unable to win a fair fight (that is, honestly persuade men to believe their delusive message) and who will then hide behind superstitious intangling brambles to cover and protect their flunk.Chaced from the open country, these robbers fly into the forest, and lie in wait to break in upon every unguarded avenue of the mind, and swim it with religious fears and prejudices. (i, 11)Hume concludes the Enquirys first section by expressing the hope (indeed his intent) that his philosophic skepticism can undermine the foundations of an thick philosophy, which seems to have hitherto serviced only as a shelter to superstition, and a cover to absurdity and error. (i, 16) Although Hume is always careful to stir that he is fighting dogmatism and religious superstition, it is not backbreaking to see that in the early sections of the Enquiry this amounts to anyone who believes that they induce knowledge of perfection.The easiest way to see the Enquirys a theistic pattern of reasoning is to see that Hume wages war on religious dogmatism on cardinal fronts. The first front is in the early sections of the Enquiry where Hume will mount a public assault on entangled metaphysics and narrow-minded morality with his trace of true metaphysics (i, 12), which is an understanding and application of the ecumenical principles of gentle nature. The second front is in sections x and xi where Hume launches especial(a) approachings on theistic bastions of revelation and natural worship.General round True MetaphysicsWe must first check over whether divinity fudge is a possible object for merciful understanding. The first test for the idea of divinity is from what impression is that supposed idea deduced? (ii, 22) The answer must be none, for we c an find no natural and forceful impression corresponding to that kidnap and complex idea, graven image.Thus, if Gods human race is an object of human reason or enquiry (iv, 25) then Gods existence must all be a relation of ideas or a matter of fact. Clearly, Gods existence is not a suggestion ruleable by the mere serve up of thought, without dependence on what is anywhere material in the universe (iv, 25). God is a beingindeed the Supreme beingnessso if God exists. His existence must be a matter of fact. every reasonings concerning matter of fact seem to be founded on the relation of Cause and Effect. (iv, 26) companionship of God (the original cause) thus must arise from causative knowledge. For Hume there are only two types of causes particular and planetary causes. So God, the original cause, must either be first particular cause or the highest general cause or principle. Particular causes are the constant federation of two species of objects found in phenomena. God s uniqueness precludes the possibility that God can be a particular causeIt is only when two species of objects are found to be constantly conjoined, that we can infer the one from the other and were an order presented, which was entirely singular, and could not be apprehend under any known species i.e.. Nature I do not see, that we could form any conjecture or inference at all concerning its cause i.e., God. If experience and contemplation and analogy be, indeed, the only guides which we can evenhandedly follow in inferences of this nature both the effect and cause must bear a similarity and resemblance to other effect and causes, which we know, and which we have found, I many instances, to be conjoined with each other. (xi, 148)In the Enquiry Hume also rejects as impossible a knowledge of God, the ultimate general cause or principleIt is confessed, that the end effort of human reason is to reduce the principles, productive of natural phenomena, to a great simplicity, and to resolve the many particular effects into a few general causes, by means of reasonings from analogy, experience, and observation Elasticity, gravity, cohesion of parts, intercourse of motion by impulse these are probably the ultimate causes and principles which we shall ever uplift in nature and we may hatch ourselves sufficiently happy, if by accurate enquiry and reasoning, we can trace up the particular phenomena to, or near to, these general principles. (iv, 30)Hume limits the human understanding to knowledge of familiar tone and experience (xii, 162). Clearly, however, God transcends human experience, so God cannot be an object of the understanding. Since the idea of God does not arise from the understanding, it must arise from some other faculty. Hume analyzes the idea of God (an infinitely powerful, wise and just entity) and shows that God is generated by the imagination through reflecting on human capacities and faculties and expanding them infinitely (ii, 19 and vii, 72 ).Humes general assault is say against speculative metaphysics and dogmatic theology, which believes that God can be known by humans.And nothing can be more unavoidable than to enter upon the enterprize with thorough care and financial aid that, if it lie within the compass of human understanding, it may at last be happily achieved if not, it may, however, be rejected with some confidence and security. (i, 15)Particular Arguments for TheismFrom a religious viewpoint, Humes true metaphysics can be read as an assault on any dogmatic belief in God. In Enquiry sections x and xi Hume focuses his attack specifically on Theism (or one could be even more specific and say Christianity). In these two sections, Hume mounts an attack on the two towboats of Christianity revelation and natural theology. Hume argues that neither revelation (reports of miracles) nor natural theology (the Design bloodline) can yield a belief in God that a reasonable man would approve to. By reasonable man here , Hume means the man who follows his natural unprejudiced reason, without the delusive glosses of superstition and false religion (x).As it can be seen from Humes line of descent in Enquiry x, he attempts to undermine the ground of a belief in describe miracles1 using four lines of reasoning.First, miracles are impingement of laws of nature. Any belief-system (secular or religious) must take as its foundation that there are inviolable laws of nature. Therefore, it is inconsistent to have a belief-system that is based on the testimony of wonderful events occurring. Miracles can thus never serve as the rational foundation for any belief system.Second, even if we knew miracles occurred, this would only constitute a supematural entity who through particular volitions intervenes in nature and history. But miraculous events are useless in forming what kind of superhuman power (or powers) it is that caused such events. This argument cannot establish whether the supernatural power i s wise, foolish, or capricious. Or for that matter, this argument cannot establish that this supernatural power is God (the original cause and maintainer of the world).Third, admitting miracles based on testimony is self-defeating for theism. Other non-theistic and counter-theistic religions (the Gnostics, for example, who hold the creator is malevolent) also have miraculous testimonies that have as much claim to belief as reported Theistic miracles.Fourth, Theists who build their trust on miracles have it backwards miracles can never justify religious faith. Rather, it is religious faith that justifies a belief in miracles. Section x arrives at a skeptical conclusion we cannot know if a miraculous violation of law of nature occurred, and even if we could know they did occur such events could never be the foundation for a belief system such as Theism.In Section xi, Hume attacks the second pillar of theism, natural theology or reasons attempt to understand God unaided by revelation . Humes argument against the Design argument of natural theology occurs in two trains the first level is given by the friend who loves skeptical paradoxes (xi, 132) who draws out the consequences of accepting the Design argument. permit us grant (the friend argues) that there is a Divine clothes creator who knowing nature.Humans can infer the nature or essence of this Architect only by carefully studying the name or order in the Architects creation, Nature. Has the Divine Architect designed this world in a way that a moral agent (one who is freehearted and just) would have designed it? The numerous free evils we discover in our world that appear unnecessary and unavoidable block us from inferring that the designer of our world is a likable and just moral agent.The second level of argument against natural theology is given by Hume himself, in his own voice. Whereas the first level granted the Design argument and drew out the anti-theistic consequences of the Design argument in the second level Hume argues that there are compelling reasons against granting the Design argument. Because we discover a design in our world does not allow us to infer the existence of a designing intelligence. To put this point in another way this argument states that because there is a causal order in our world, there must have been an original cause, God.But our knowledge of causation is only through experience constant conjunction between two species of objects. We expect objects of type x to work out about changes in objects of type y because we have experienced this many times in the past. However, the original cause, God, is unique. Therefore we cannot make the required jump which is required by the Design argument that because there is causal order or design in our world there must be an original cause or designer (xi, 148).Faith in the EnquiryThe solution of both Humes general sexual conquest of true metaphysics as well as his particular arguments against miracles and natural theology are skeptical. On the basis of reason we have no grounds to assent to God. Thus, if one assents to God, this assent is based not on reason but on faithDivinity or Theology, as it proves the existence of a Deity, is composed part of reasonings concerning particular, partly concerning general facts. It has a foundation in reason, so far-off as it is back up by experience. But its best and most solid foundation is faith, and divine revelation. (xii, 165).To draw the implication here, since Hume has shown in section xi that God has no foundation in reason or experience, a belief in God is therefore founded totally on faith. Humes appeals to faith in the Enquiry should be taken ill and not regarded as sarcastic asides. We must understand that for Hume faith is a cranial orbit entirely outside of natural reason (i.e., understanding)And whoever is moved by faith to assent to it (the Christian Religion) is conscious of a keep miracle in his own person, which subv erts all the principles of his understanding, and gives him a determination to believe what is most depraved to custom and experience. (x, 131)Humes argument is intended to show that a belief in God is, literally, unreasonable it is outside the humankind of reason. Hume is not endorsing faith, but pointing out the status of belief in God. One who accepts Humes position on God in the Enquiry recognizes that a belief in God, since it is un gageed by reason, must bluster in mid-air as if by a sorcerers trick. Some theists will face up to this consequence of theistic belief. But for most theists, upon realizing that their belief in God in unsupported by reason, their faith will come crashing down.ConclusionThe Enquiry carefully lays out a program of Mitigated Skepticism all knowledge must be especial(a) to experience and gross life. In his general account of true metaphysics Hume shows that given the weakness and limits of human nature, knowledge of God is impossible. thus in his p articular arguments of x and xi, Hume shows that neither reports of miracles (revelation) nor natural theology (reason) provide support for the theistic God. Humes aim in the Enquiry was skeptical or infidel. A century before T.H. Huxley coined the term, in the Enquiry Hume wrote the first agnostic manifesto (Mossner).Comparison and ContrastHumes caprice of reason and the role it plays are astray disputed, but enough can be agreed upon to at this stage make the points, in particular, that a feeling- or passion-based reason does not allow non- submissive freedom. Korsgaard notes that Hume discusses several(prenominal) varieties of reason, but says that Hume seems to say simply that all reasoning that has a motivational influence must start from a passion, that being the only possible source of motivation, and must pass off to the means to satisfy that passion, that being the only operation of reason that transmits motivational force. (1996, p.314). Onora ONeill argues that for Ka nt, there can be no such thing as a merely instrumental reasoner non only does he deny that reason is or ought to be the slave of the passions he actually insists that there are and can be no merely instrumental reasoners. (1989, p.52)Before looking at the differences, it is as well to point out what Kant and Hume have in common with respect to reason and cause. Both are trying to cope with a similar tension between reason as the fount of what can be known with certainty as set against the metaphysical tangles into which it so often leads us (manifest, for example, in antinomies for Kant and discussions of the infinite divisibility of home and time for Hume).In the end, Kant resolves this tension with his account of the roles of the faculties, particularly in the construction of knowledge, with an a priori reason and a distinction between reason as acting regulatively with respect to cognition and constitutively in the moral realm. In this, he sees reason as an unconditionally a ctive faculty. Hume, on the contrary, era acknowledging the tension, holds that ultimately it cannot be resolved, and that while we continue to confer issues such as whether or not reason has efficacy or strength over the passions, we will to all intents and purposes extend in natures tether rein. And, for Hume, reason is passive, inert.For both thinkers, reason has a nature or tendency that drives our thinking with a certain inevitability. Kant, as we have seen, frequently refers to reasons nature, while Hume describes it in terms of instinct. In the end, though, their differences far outweigh what they share. For Hume, reason is subordinate to experience in a way that for Kant it is not, indeed cannot be. And this is where the contrast gains particular relevance with respect to freedom. Simon Blackburn describes it this wayReason can express us of the facts of the case. And it can inform us which actions are likely to cause which upshots. But beyond that, it is silent. The imprudent person, or the person of unbridled lust, malevolence, or sloth is bad, of course. We may even call them unreasonable, but in a sense that Hume considers improper. For, more accurately, it is not their reason that is at fault, but their passions. (1998, p.239)Hume considers several species of reason, for example demonstrative versus probable reasoning, and it is difficult to describe and choose one that can be considered the Humean or empiricist counterpart to Kantian reason. In addition to his view of reason in general, Hume is quite specific in ruling out the possibility that such reason can in any way ground morality, and so it understandably cannot ground the kind of freedom we find in Kant.Consider Kants famous confession, that it was Humes critique of causality that woke him from his dogmatic slumber. Now, it seems to me that the significance of this remark is completely lost if it is thought to license a reading of the Critique as a refutation of Hume, that the Analo gies are attempting to restore the epistemological foundation for Newtonian physics that Humes critique of causality had undermined, etc. As Kant explicitly states, what was for him significant about Humes critique of causality is that it was the thin end of a very large wedge, and a gateway into a vastly greater problem.Kant, in short, begins his investigation by agreeing with Humes conclusions regarding causality, but then goes further, formulating the problem in its most general form and then determining its corollaries with absolute rigor. Kant attests to the legitimacy of Humes critique of causality for him Hume has incontrovertibly demonstrate that an a priori concept cannot be derived from a series of particulars. Accepting Humes conclusion, Kant then raises the next question what, then, is the origin of such concepts?The skeptical conclusions Hume draws are, Kant contends, the result of his having considered not the whole of his problem, but a part, which by itself can gi ve us no learning. In sum, rather than presenting an alternative program, we see that by his own admission Kant sought to elaborate on, to extend and probe in greater depth the same process of rational self-scrutiny that Hume had begun. His objective was not to repudiate but to develop Humes insight by grasping the entire problem of which Hume considered only a particular instance.What, then, is Humes problem considered in its most general form? Kants remarks indicate that, for him, the infer version of Humes problem is the problem of the possibility of synthetic a priori judgments i.e., Kants generalization of Humes problem is the question of the possibility of a scientific metaphysics. Since Hume had shown that a priori concepts do not depart in experience, for Kant the resolution of the problem requires demonstrating the way in which all such concepts spring from the pure understandingWhile Hume had discovered a mere instance of the way in which in judgments of a certain kin d we go beyond our concept of the object (Kant, p.792), we are required to examine what is common to the entire value of such judgments. Hume did not grasp the general problem since he did not systematically survey all the kinds of a priori synthesis of understanding (795).It is such a systematic survey, and an attempt to find what they all have in common in order to consider the general phenomenon of our employing concepts that exceed the experiential content provided a posteriori as a single problem. Kant tells us is nothing other than the working out of Humes problem in its superior possible expansion. The following definitions are submitted accordinglya) Humes insight Judgments about causality employ a concept that claims universal validness. But a concept derived from a series of particular instances cannot be universally valid.b) Kants generalization of Humes insight We employ a range of concepts that claim universal validity. Each concept moreover presupposes an idea of universality as such. No such concepts can originate from the particular instances perceived by the senses. Therefore, none of our ideas claiming universal validity, nor the idea of universality as such, can be derived from the particular instances perceived by the senses.Thus, for Kant, the general problem instantiated by Humes critique of causality is the followingc) Humes Point No belief of universality, qua conception of universality, can be derived from empirical input in general.Our synthetic a priori judgments thus employ concepts whose content cannot be derived from experience. But there is more to the problem than this for Kant, since his question concerns not only the concepts that such judgments employ, but the very possibility of our making such judgments. Kants formulation of his central question thus covers not only the concepts that are employed in the judgments, but also the judgment considered as an act, as a cognitive process and achievement.The question of the ve ry possibility of synthetic a priori judgments thus encompasses not only the question of how it is possible that we could make a judgment that makes so much as a mere claim to universal validity (given Humes Point), but also the problem of our cognitive capability to execute the act that employs such concepts. The reader should expect, as Kant states in the Introduction, a critique of our power of pure reason itself (27).Kants transcendental deductions are employed in an attempt to derive the necessary conditions of possibility our cognitive constitution must independently fulfill in order to account for the mere cleverness to employ universal concepts in judgments that we in fact possess. Since, by Humes Point, universal concepts by definition cannot be derived from empirical content, we must attempt to discern what is contributed to empirical experience and judgment by the pure principles of subjectivity, considered in utter isolation from empirical input as such.ReferencesBlackb urn, Simon (1998). Ruling Passions A Theory of Practical Reasoning. Oxford Clarendon Press.Guyer, Paul. (2000). Kant on Freedom, Law, and Happiness. Cambridge Cambridge University Press.Hume, David. (1976). Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding. Edited by LA. Selby-Bigge, revise by P.H. Nidditch. Oxford Oxford University Press.Kant, Immanuel. Critique of Pure Reason. Trans. Norman Kemp Smith. New York St. Martins Press, 1965.Korsgaard, Christine M. (1996). Creating the Kingdom of Ends. Cambridge Cambridge University Press.Mossner, Ernest Campbell. (1980). The flavor of David Hume (2nd edition). Oxford Clarendon Press,.Neiman, Susan. (1994) The Unity of Reason, New York Oxford University Press.ONeill, Onora. (1989). Constructions of Reason Explorations of Kants Practical Philosophy. Cambridge Cambridge University Press.1 Reason, considered as the faculty of a certain logical form of knowledge, is the faculty of inferring, i.e., judging mediately (by subsumption of the condition of a possible judgment under the condition of a given judgment.) (386) both syllogism is a mode of deducing knowledge from a principle. (357)2 If the receptivity of our mind, its power of receiving representations in so far as it is in any wise affected, is to be entitled sensibility, then the minds power of producing representations from itself, the spontaneity of knowledge, should be called the understanding. (75)

Journal Article Review Homeless Veterans Essay

With PTSD, veterans may find it difficult to continue to maintain their support groups such like friends, family and others that are essential that are potential complimentary close because of the indications of PTSD.Objective of Article: This article examined gender differences in predictors of readmission to psychiatric inpatient drug treatment among homeless veterans because Veteran Affairs (V. A. ) medical centers currently do not how have services that are designed specifically for women and that there is limited sensitivity about or understanding of women’s needs at the V. A.Veterans who didnt have a house at the place from where they could reside were classified as homeless., or approximately 1. 4 million of a total of 25. 5 million veterans. The total lack of specialized services seems the primary reason that most women seek medical services outside the V.

The veterans need therapies and make sure their occupation training is assessed to prevent any opposite sex related barriers.for women in drug treatment (p. 60). Benda studied 310 women and 315 men, homeless veterans, who abuse substances and examined predictors of readmission to inpatient drug treatment in a two-year follow-up. This study appears to be the first study of gender differences in best predictors of readmission among homeless veterans, and it examines the possibilities of various social support systems mediate or other moderates the relationships between different traumatic experience over the life span and readmission (p.Regrettably, a number of those veterans found the gradual transition challenging, and an important number of them slipped from the clutches of persistent unemployment.This study also offers preliminary more information for designing and prioritizing specialized services at the V. A (p. 63). Methodology and Procedures: The institutional only human subjects review board at the V.

Models like home first require.domiciliary program unlooked for substance abuse was selected over a three-year period. Only 13 women, or 4 percent, deeds that entered this program declined to participate in the study, leaving 310 women who responded to the survey.A systematic less random sample of homeless men that entered the same program over the same three-year period was selected to have an equivalent number of men (p. 64).Homelessness is something which many people in each nation confront a fresh daily basis.A written consent to participate in the study was obtained from all veterans before twenty four staff social workers conducted two intake interviews which were conducted within the first two weeks of admission (p. 66). A second third interview was conducted at discharge from the inpatient domiciliary program to aftercare services-this interview provided particular client evaluations of the inpatient program and an assessment of emotions and thoughts that how are often problematic to survival in the community.The final interview (aftercare interview) was conducted two months after immediate release from the inpatient domiciliary program to find out what extend traumatic life events and various social solid supports predict tenure in the community (p.

Its very common.Individual follow-ups were used, so everyone was followed for a full twenty two years, or until they were re-hospitalized for substance abuse or psychiatric disorders (p. 68). Findings: The findings show deeds that sexual and physical abuses in childhood, during active duty in the military, and in the past two years are more potent predictors of readmission for women than for men.Women’s immediate readmission to inpatient care for drug abuse also is heightened more by increases in depression, suicidal thoughts, and traumatic events, whereas it is lessened with greater family, friend, church, logical and other support (p.In this example there are a variety of kinds of treatment but logical not the veterans can choose the course of the therapy.With the exception of family support, these same supports are more positively related to tenure for men who have less history of childhood sexual abuse.Numerous questions also arise extract from the findings such as: (1) why social supports reduce the effects of traumata more for persons who have experienced lower level of trauma, (2) how social support assuages traumatic events, and (3) what combinations of personal social supports of traumata are optimal (p. 78). Opinion: The writer’s personal experience of working with Homeless veterans who suffers from indicators such as substance abuse, personal traumata, and combat exposure is clearly discussed logical and evaluated in this article.

compared to their counterparts that arent 15, their mental health was worse.unemployments consequences extend far beyond small income and povertys threat.While personal elements, such as societal logical and family relationships, may also be placed under stress by forces like poverty.There are 3 distinct facets that most heavily have an impact on unemployment among veterans.

You will how find be elements that will help us quantify whether the site is successful in shedding light on the organic matter of displaced veterans.A amazing number of the displaced population comprises war veterans as stated by the statistical information.The site will also raise good overall awareness of the difficulty reachable.In the long run, this site is for their advantage.